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1 INSTR

INSTR is the current track's sound: which engine, which sound (preset), every parameter of the engine and the track's effects. Each of the four tracks uses one engine and remembers which page it was on.

EngineDefault trackPages (CTRL steps)
DRUMS drum machineT1 DRUMSVOICE, KIT, FX
JUNO analog synthT2 JUNOVOICE, CHORD, ARP, DCO, VCF, ENV, LFO, FX
DX7 FM synthT3 DX7VOICE, CHORD, ARP, ALGO, LEVELS, OP1–OP6, LFO, FX
SAMPLERT4 SAMPLERVOICE, CHORD, ARP, SAMPLE, TONE, FX

The pages run in signal order: the sound (VOICE), the track's MIDI effects (CHORD, ARP: the keys go through them first), the engine's parameter pages, then the effects (FX). When the tabs do not fit, the bottom line shows the ones around the current page with < > and "page / total" on the right; hold CTRL for the map of every page.

VOICE: engine and sound​

The first page of every engine: the sound's name in large type, a live keyboard below it (a drum track shows its eight pads).

The screen and the key lights at that moment
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  1. 1ENGINE: change engine
  2. 2PRESET: browse
  3. 3Sound name
  4. 4Engine · layout · octave
  5. 5Live keyboard
  6. 6Previous / next sound in the list
  7. 7Sound browser
  8. 8ENGINE PRESET
INSTR VOICE (T2 Juno).
  • ↑← / ↓SUB: straight to the sound above / below in the list (ADD goes up, as in the browser), ready to hear. With FN held they jump 10 sounds.
  • ↵OK: opens the sound browser.
  • Saving lives in the FN menu: on every INSTR page it has PRESETS, SAVE, SAVE AS and ENGINE, so you can browse and save without going back to VOICE (see The menu on each screen).

Changing the engine gives the track the new engine's default sound and goes back to VOICE; the track's sequence, chord and ARP are not touched.

019G1

ENGINE: the four engines, the current one marked NOW. Tap one on the GRID (or ↑← / ↓SUB and ↵OK) to switch; ESC keeps the engine.

02↑←

↑← / ↓SUB change the sound right on the VOICE page.

A sound you have changed asks first. Once a parameter differs from the sound as it was loaded, loading a sound (↑← / ↓SUB on VOICE, ↵OK in the browser, even the same sound again) or switching the engine asks before your edits go:

The screen and the key lights at that moment
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  1. 1The edits that would be lost (in red)
  2. 2OK: load it
  3. 3ESC: keep the edits
  4. 4Blinking: waiting for you
  5. 5Keep
CUTOFF changed on T2, then ADD on VOICE: LOAD …? asks before the edited LEAD I goes.
  • LOAD <sound>? or SWITCH TO <engine>?, with EDITS TO <sound> WILL BE LOST. ↵OK changes; ESC keeps your sound (and goes back to the browser or the engine picker if you came from there).
  • To keep the edited sound, save it first: SAVE or SAVE AS in the FN menu.
  • The guide's lessons never ask: their practice project is thrown away anyway.

Browsing and saving sounds​

010G2

PRESET: the sound list, with "position / total" at the top right.

02FN+F›B›A›S›S›↵OK

FN+F opens the search field: type (for example BASS) and press ↵OK; the list keeps only the matching sounds.

03↵OK

↑← / ↓SUB move, ↵OK loads.

  • In the list the pads and the GRID do not type, so a stray key never starts a filter: searching is always FN+F. An empty search shows everything again.
  • ESC clears the filter first, a second press closes.
  • ↑← moves up, ↓SUB down; FN + ; . too. FN+↑← / FN+↓SUB move 8 rows at a time.
  • SAVE (FN menu): your own sound is overwritten; a factory sound is stored as a new sound of yours with the next free number (for example LEAD I 2), without asking. SAVE AS asks for a name. Your sounds live on the SD card, one bank per engine (CardenzaSynth/Presets/<engine>/).

Parameter pages​

The engine's other pages (and CHORD and ARP) are parameter pages: each GRID key picks one parameter, ↑← / ↓SUB change it (held they repeat, with FN in big steps), FN+↵OK (or RESET in the FN menu) restores its default. Switches and choices step with a second press on the same key, or with ↵OK.

The screen and the key lights at that moment
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  1. 1Focused parameter: white
  2. 2RESO
  3. 3ENV
  4. 4POL
  5. 5The group's picture: filter curve
  6. 6Focus: fully lit
  7. 7Parameters: half lit
  8. 8Empty cells: off
  9. 9Change value
Juno VCF page: parameters on the top two rows, the filter curve below.

Cells without a parameter draw the group's picture: envelopes, filter curves, algorithms, waveforms, a scope… Every parameter's range, default and options are in the engine references below.

Hold a parameter cell for a moment and the pads become its values: one pad per value (or the range spread evenly over the pads), the current value fully lit. Press a pad to jump there; the value pops up at the bottom of the screen. Let go of the cell and the pads play again. A short tap still selects the cell as before.

CHORD and ARP pages​

Right after VOICE, every melodic engine has the track's two MIDI effects: CHORD (one key plays a chord) and ARP (held keys play one after another). They belong to the track, not to the sound: changing sound or engine keeps them, and they are saved with the project. Drum tracks have neither. How they work: Chords and Arpeggiator.

01HOLDCTRL+0G2

CHORD: CHORD and VOICING, the notes the root key plays and the triads of the key.

02HOLDCTRL+-G3

ARP: mode, RATE, RANGE, GATE and HOLD, the playing order below.

FX page: the track's effects​

The last page of every engine is FX:

The screen and the key lights at that moment
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  1. 1DRIVE: saturation
  2. 2CRUSH: bit reduction
  3. 3FILTER: DJ filter
  4. 4RESO
  5. 5CHORUS
  6. 6DELAY send
  7. 7REVERB send
  8. 8Signal chain: IN → … → OUT
The FX page and its signal chain.

They are part of the sound and are saved with it and with the project. See Effects.

DRUMS​

Eight drums (kick, snare, closed hat, open hat, clap, tom, cowbell, maracas), one pad column each. The KIT page sets each drum's level and the kit's master level.

The screen and the key lights at that moment
123
  1. 1Eight drum levels
  2. 2MASTER level
  3. 3Pads (light up when hit)
DRUMS KIT page: the eight drums' levels, the pads drawn at the bottom right.

Engine: DRUMS · Default track: T1 · Default sound: 808 Kit

VOICE PRESET

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ENGINEChoose engine—
0 row 1 · col 2PRESETBrowse sounds—

KIT LEVELS

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1BD kick.level0% … 100%78%
0 row 1 · col 2SD snare.level0% … 100%78%
- row 1 · col 3CH closed_hat.level0% … 100%78%
= row 1 · col 4OH open_hat.level0% … 100%78%
O row 2 · col 1CP clap.level0% … 100%78%
P row 2 · col 2TM tom.level0% … 100%78%
[ row 2 · col 3CB cowbell.level0% … 100%78%
] row 2 · col 4MA maraca.level0% … 100%78%
K row 3 · col 1MASTER master.level0% … 100%78%

FX INSERTS

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1DRIVE fx.driveOFF … 127OFF
0 row 1 · col 2CRUSH fx.crushOFF … 127OFF
- row 1 · col 3FILTER fx.filterLP80 … HP8000OFF
= row 1 · col 4RESO fx.resonance0 … 12720
O row 2 · col 1CHORUS fx.chorusOFF / I / II / I+IIOFF
P row 2 · col 2DELAY fx.delayOFF … 127OFF
[ row 2 · col 3REVERB fx.reverbOFF … 127OFF

JUNO analog synth​

Classic subtractive synthesis: DCO oscillator → VCF filter → VCA envelope, plus an LFO and the Juno chorus.

01HOLDCTRL+=G4

DCO: RANGE, SAW, PULSE, PWM, PW SRC, SUB, NOISE, LFO, with a scope.

02CTRL

VCF: CUTOFF, RESO, ENV, POL, LFO, KBD, with the filter curve.

03CTRL

ENV: ADSR, VCA mode (ENV / GATE), LEVEL, with the envelope.

04CTRL

LFO: RATE, DELAY (fade-in), with the waveform.

The Chorus I / II that Juno presets carry maps to CHORUS on the FX page.

Engine: JUNO · Default track: T2 · Default sound: Lead I

VOICE PRESET

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ENGINEChoose engine—
0 row 1 · col 2PRESETBrowse sounds—

CHORD MIDI FX

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1CHORD chord.type——
0 row 1 · col 2VOICING chord.voicing——

ARP MIDI FX

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ARP arp.mode——
0 row 1 · col 2RATE arp.rate——
- row 1 · col 3RANGE arp.octaves——
= row 1 · col 4GATE arp.gate——
O row 2 · col 1HOLD arp.latch——

DCO WAVES

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1RANGE dco.range16' / 8' / 4'8'
0 row 1 · col 2SAW dco.sawOFF / ONON
- row 1 · col 3PULSE dco.pulseOFF / ONON
= row 1 · col 4PWM dco.pwm0 … 12748
O row 2 · col 1PW SRC dco.pwm_modeLFO / MANLFO
P row 2 · col 2SUB dco.sub0 … 12768
[ row 2 · col 3NOISE dco.noise0 … 1270
] row 2 · col 4LFO dco.lfo0 … 1270

VCF FILTER

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1CUTOFF vcf.cutoff0 … 12792
0 row 1 · col 2RESO vcf.resonance0 … 12718
- row 1 · col 3ENV vcf.env0 … 12754
= row 1 · col 4POL vcf.polarityPOS / NEGPOS
O row 2 · col 1LFO vcf.lfo0 … 12718
P row 2 · col 2KBD vcf.keyboard0 … 1270

ENV ADSR

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ATTACK env.attack0 … 12728
0 row 1 · col 2DECAY env.decay0 … 12742
- row 1 · col 3SUSTAIN env.sustain0 … 12778
= row 1 · col 4RELEASE env.release0 … 12736
O row 2 · col 1VCA vca.modeENV / GATEENV
P row 2 · col 2LEVEL vca.level0 … 12796

LFO MOD

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1RATE lfo.rate0 … 12740
0 row 1 · col 2DELAY lfo.delay0 … 12722

FX INSERTS

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1DRIVE fx.driveOFF … 127OFF
0 row 1 · col 2CRUSH fx.crushOFF … 127OFF
- row 1 · col 3FILTER fx.filterLP80 … HP8000OFF
= row 1 · col 4RESO fx.resonance0 … 12720
O row 2 · col 1CHORUS fx.chorusOFF / I / II / I+IIOFF
P row 2 · col 2DELAY fx.delayOFF … 127OFF
[ row 2 · col 3REVERB fx.reverbOFF … 127OFF

DX7 FM synth​

Six-operator FM synthesis, compatible with DX7 sounds:

01HOLDCTRL+=G4

ALGO: 32 algorithms, feedback, transpose, with the algorithm diagram.

02CTRL

LEVELS: the six operators' output levels. Solid bars are carriers you hear, dithered ones are modulators.

03CTRL

OP1–OP6: OUT, CRS, FINE, DTN, MODE, AMOD, the R1–R4 / L1–L4 envelope and a CAR / MOD mark.

04HOLDCTRL+'G12

LFO: SPEED, WAVE, PMD, AMD, P SENS, with the waveform.

Engine: DX7 · Default track: T3 · Default sound: E.PIANO 1

VOICE PRESET

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ENGINEChoose engine—
0 row 1 · col 2PRESETBrowse sounds—

CHORD MIDI FX

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1CHORD chord.type——
0 row 1 · col 2VOICING chord.voicing——

ARP MIDI FX

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ARP arp.mode——
0 row 1 · col 2RATE arp.rate——
- row 1 · col 3RANGE arp.octaves——
= row 1 · col 4GATE arp.gate——
O row 2 · col 1HOLD arp.latch——

ALGO ROUTING

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ALG global.algorithmALG 1 / ALG 2 / ALG 3 / ALG 4 / ALG 5 / ALG 6 / ALG 7 / ALG 8 / ALG 9 / ALG 10 / ALG 11 / ALG 12 / ALG 13 / ALG 14 / ALG 15 / ALG 16 / ALG 17 / ALG 18 / ALG 19 / ALG 20 / ALG 21 / ALG 22 / ALG 23 / ALG 24 / ALG 25 / ALG 26 / ALG 27 / ALG 28 / ALG 29 / ALG 30 / ALG 31 / ALG 32ALG 5
0 row 1 · col 2FB global.feedback0 … 72
- row 1 · col 3TRNS global.transpose-24 … +24+0

LEVELS OP MIX

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1OP1 op1.output0 … 9990
0 row 1 · col 2OP2 op2.output0 … 9975
- row 1 · col 3OP3 op3.output0 … 9975
= row 1 · col 4OP4 op4.output0 … 9975
O row 2 · col 1OP5 op5.output0 … 9975
P row 2 · col 2OP6 op6.output0 … 9975

OP1 TUNE EG

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1OUT op1.output0 … 9990
0 row 1 · col 2CRS op1.coarsex0.5 … x31x1
- row 1 · col 3FINE op1.fine0 … 990
= row 1 · col 4DTN op1.detune-7 … +7+0
O row 2 · col 1MODE op1.modeRATIO / FIXEDRATIO
P row 2 · col 2AMOD op1.amp_modOFF / ONOFF
K row 3 · col 1R1 op1.attack0 … 9980
L row 3 · col 2R2 op1.decay0 … 9955
; row 3 · col 3R3 op1.rate30 … 9950
' row 3 · col 4R4 op1.release0 … 9940
M row 4 · col 1L1 op1.level10 … 9999
, row 4 · col 2L2 op1.level20 … 9990
. row 4 · col 3L3 op1.sustain0 … 9965
/ row 4 · col 4L4 op1.level40 … 990

OP2 TUNE EG

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1OUT op2.output0 … 9975
0 row 1 · col 2CRS op2.coarsex0.5 … x31x2
- row 1 · col 3FINE op2.fine0 … 990
= row 1 · col 4DTN op2.detune-7 … +7+0
O row 2 · col 1MODE op2.modeRATIO / FIXEDRATIO
P row 2 · col 2AMOD op2.amp_modOFF / ONOFF
K row 3 · col 1R1 op2.attack0 … 9980
L row 3 · col 2R2 op2.decay0 … 9955
; row 3 · col 3R3 op2.rate30 … 9950
' row 3 · col 4R4 op2.release0 … 9940
M row 4 · col 1L1 op2.level10 … 9999
, row 4 · col 2L2 op2.level20 … 9990
. row 4 · col 3L3 op2.sustain0 … 9965
/ row 4 · col 4L4 op2.level40 … 990

OP3 TUNE EG

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1OUT op3.output0 … 9975
0 row 1 · col 2CRS op3.coarsex0.5 … x31x2
- row 1 · col 3FINE op3.fine0 … 990
= row 1 · col 4DTN op3.detune-7 … +7+0
O row 2 · col 1MODE op3.modeRATIO / FIXEDRATIO
P row 2 · col 2AMOD op3.amp_modOFF / ONOFF
K row 3 · col 1R1 op3.attack0 … 9980
L row 3 · col 2R2 op3.decay0 … 9955
; row 3 · col 3R3 op3.rate30 … 9950
' row 3 · col 4R4 op3.release0 … 9940
M row 4 · col 1L1 op3.level10 … 9999
, row 4 · col 2L2 op3.level20 … 9990
. row 4 · col 3L3 op3.sustain0 … 9965
/ row 4 · col 4L4 op3.level40 … 990

OP4 TUNE EG

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1OUT op4.output0 … 9975
0 row 1 · col 2CRS op4.coarsex0.5 … x31x2
- row 1 · col 3FINE op4.fine0 … 990
= row 1 · col 4DTN op4.detune-7 … +7+0
O row 2 · col 1MODE op4.modeRATIO / FIXEDRATIO
P row 2 · col 2AMOD op4.amp_modOFF / ONOFF
K row 3 · col 1R1 op4.attack0 … 9980
L row 3 · col 2R2 op4.decay0 … 9955
; row 3 · col 3R3 op4.rate30 … 9950
' row 3 · col 4R4 op4.release0 … 9940
M row 4 · col 1L1 op4.level10 … 9999
, row 4 · col 2L2 op4.level20 … 9990
. row 4 · col 3L3 op4.sustain0 … 9965
/ row 4 · col 4L4 op4.level40 … 990

OP5 TUNE EG

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1OUT op5.output0 … 9975
0 row 1 · col 2CRS op5.coarsex0.5 … x31x2
- row 1 · col 3FINE op5.fine0 … 990
= row 1 · col 4DTN op5.detune-7 … +7+0
O row 2 · col 1MODE op5.modeRATIO / FIXEDRATIO
P row 2 · col 2AMOD op5.amp_modOFF / ONOFF
K row 3 · col 1R1 op5.attack0 … 9980
L row 3 · col 2R2 op5.decay0 … 9955
; row 3 · col 3R3 op5.rate30 … 9950
' row 3 · col 4R4 op5.release0 … 9940
M row 4 · col 1L1 op5.level10 … 9999
, row 4 · col 2L2 op5.level20 … 9990
. row 4 · col 3L3 op5.sustain0 … 9965
/ row 4 · col 4L4 op5.level40 … 990

OP6 TUNE EG

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1OUT op6.output0 … 9975
0 row 1 · col 2CRS op6.coarsex0.5 … x31x2
- row 1 · col 3FINE op6.fine0 … 990
= row 1 · col 4DTN op6.detune-7 … +7+0
O row 2 · col 1MODE op6.modeRATIO / FIXEDRATIO
P row 2 · col 2AMOD op6.amp_modOFF / ONOFF
K row 3 · col 1R1 op6.attack0 … 9980
L row 3 · col 2R2 op6.decay0 … 9955
; row 3 · col 3R3 op6.rate30 … 9950
' row 3 · col 4R4 op6.release0 … 9940
M row 4 · col 1L1 op6.level10 … 9999
, row 4 · col 2L2 op6.level20 … 9990
. row 4 · col 3L3 op6.sustain0 … 9965
/ row 4 · col 4L4 op6.level40 … 990

LFO VIBRATO

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1SPEED global.lfo_speed0 … 9940
0 row 1 · col 2WAVE global.lfo_waveTRI / SAW- / SAW+ / SQR / SIN / S/HTRI
- row 1 · col 3PMD global.lfo_pitch0 … 990
= row 1 · col 4AMD global.lfo_amp0 … 9920
O row 2 · col 1P SENS global.lfo_pms0 … 73

FX INSERTS

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1DRIVE fx.driveOFF … 127OFF
0 row 1 · col 2CRUSH fx.crushOFF … 127OFF
- row 1 · col 3FILTER fx.filterLP80 … HP8000OFF
= row 1 · col 4RESO fx.resonance0 … 12720
O row 2 · col 1CHORUS fx.chorusOFF / I / II / I+IIOFF
P row 2 · col 2DELAY fx.delayOFF … 127OFF
[ row 2 · col 3REVERB fx.reverbOFF … 127OFF

SAMPLER​

Plays a WAV: the SAMPLE page picks the file, records, trims, sets the root note, loop and gain (with the waveform); TONE is filter, envelope and level. The full workflow is in Sampling.

The screen and the key lights at that moment
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  1. 1FILE: load
  2. 2REC: record
  3. 3START
  4. 4END
  5. 5ROOT · TUNE · LOOP · GAIN
SAMPLER SAMPLE page (no sample loaded yet).

Engine: SAMPLER · Default track: T4 · Default sound: Empty Slot

VOICE PRESET

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ENGINEChoose engine—
0 row 1 · col 2PRESETBrowse sounds—

CHORD MIDI FX

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1CHORD chord.type——
0 row 1 · col 2VOICING chord.voicing——

ARP MIDI FX

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1ARP arp.mode——
0 row 1 · col 2RATE arp.rate——
- row 1 · col 3RANGE arp.octaves——
= row 1 · col 4GATE arp.gate——
O row 2 · col 1HOLD arp.latch——

SAMPLE WAV

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1FILESample file—
0 row 1 · col 2RECRecord—
- row 1 · col 3START sample.start0% … 100%0%
= row 1 · col 4END sample.end0% … 100%100%
O row 2 · col 1ROOT sample.rootC-1 … G9C4
P row 2 · col 2TUNE sample.tune-24 … +24+0
[ row 2 · col 3LOOP sample.loopOFF / ONOFF
] row 2 · col 4GAIN sample.gain0% … 100%75%

TONE TONE

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1CUTOFF filter.cutoff0 … 12796
0 row 1 · col 2RESO filter.resonance0 … 12718
- row 1 · col 3ATTACK env.attack0 … 1274
= row 1 · col 4RELEASE env.release0 … 12718
O row 2 · col 1LEVEL amp.level0% … 100%75%

FX INSERTS

GRID keyParameterRangeDefault
9 row 1 · col 1DRIVE fx.driveOFF … 127OFF
0 row 1 · col 2CRUSH fx.crushOFF … 127OFF
- row 1 · col 3FILTER fx.filterLP80 … HP8000OFF
= row 1 · col 4RESO fx.resonance0 … 12720
O row 2 · col 1CHORUS fx.chorusOFF / I / II / I+IIOFF
P row 2 · col 2DELAY fx.delayOFF … 127OFF
[ row 2 · col 3REVERB fx.reverbOFF … 127OFF